Norithics said:
It's fun to think of so many aspects of culture being accidental, but keep your eyes open, because a lot of people would just like you to think that, because it makes them a lot of money.
I wouldn't say they're accidental; in fact I'm quite certain the original inventors and cultural trendsetters knew exactly what they were doing, but if I had to describe the influence of business, marketing, etc. they moreso capitalized on trends than created them.
Marketing can do a great deal to transform niche products and services into average consumer mainstays, but many other conditions have to be met first, "is there a demand?", "can we make it affordable?", "can we beat the competition?". If you want to watch a boardroom turn into a mumbly bunch of anxious pre-teens, ask them how to make something "go viral".
To use another recent example: Apple did not invent the iPod. Or, perhaps more accurately, they did not invent the personal data assistant, or "pocket computer". That would be Psion, a UK-based company who released the 'Organizer' in 1984, and while for all practical purposes it wasn't much more than an electronic notepad that had to be typed into, it wouldn't have competition from Apple until the release of the 'Newton' in 1993, which wasn't much better. In fact, Apple didn't even invent the first digital, portable music player either (for non-digital we have Sony's 1979 'Walkman' portable cassette player), though they would hire it's inventor, Kane Kramer, who first patented the idea as the 'IXI', in 1981. However, before the iPod could be released in 2001, South Korea based company SaeHan Information Systems would release the 'MPMan' in Asia in 1997, and begin importing it to North America in 1998.
Here we are fourteen years later, and despite being beaten across the finish line by other software and hardware companies in terms of innovation, Apple is dominating personal consumer electronics. Looking at today's market, one could be tempted to say that such a demand for portable personal computers and music players was invented by and catered to by Apple, and while I don't mean to downplay their work in marketing (dancing silhouette ads forever), software development and Sexy case design, it would be quite remiss of us to not mention how the demand for such products existed years, if not decades before they made it to the scene.
I'm not meaning to imply this is so for every product or idea uplifted to the status of a cultural "norm", but I feel it's worth considering before leaping to the conclusion it was all concocted by marketers.
(In the interest of openness, I don't own any Apple products.)