Helter Skelter

Tom Rhodes

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May 16, 2007
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Helter Skelter

David Cross had a special on HBO several years back wherein he commented on how media and violence were being linked together. He said something along the lines of, "What was the name of the violent videogame that Hitler used to play? And the one he distributed to all the German people?" Such a simple sentiment, yet immediately recognizable and understandable. After all, Hitler didn't play violent videogames (seeing as how there were none) or watch violent movies or anything of that nature. He was a vegetarian painter (bet no one saw that coming).

Today, though, the news media seems to have a policy of trying to find easy explanations for violent, unspeakable acts. Sometimes these figures almost appear vulturous, hovering over the tragedy waiting to display their personalized view of the world to us.

After the tragedy at Virginia Tech, Jack Thompson, self-proclaimed crusader against all things interactive, appeared on the major news networks wagging his finger and saying that this was bound to happen because the shooter, 23-year-old Seung-Hui Cho, played violent videogames. This was nothing new for Jack, as he had been saying this for years about every tragedy involving violent deaths and people under 30. This response this time was different, however, as some reporters had their long-dormant journalistic senses kick in and discovered that the killer did not play these games. In fact, he seemed more interested in writing, since he had difficulty expressing himself orally.

Stephen King wrote, "For most creative people, the imagination serves as an excretory channel for violence: We visualize what we will never actually do. ... Cho doesn't strike me as in the least creative, however. Dude was crazy. Dude was, in the memorable phrasing of Nikki Giovanni, just mean. ... On the whole, I don't think you can pick these guys out based on their work, unless you look for violence unenlivened by any real talent."

I understand this well myself. In middle school, I wrote a story for a writing competition (mandatory, unfortunately) about a detective who was trying to track down an ax-wielding serial killer. Just because I knew the class would be reading it, I spiced it up by using slightly altered names of my classmates in it. It was funny and kind of gross, and the class loved it. So, of course, I was called to the principal's office to determine whether I was a psychopath. Obviously, I was not (as far as you know, anyway).

The point is there's no simple way to parse out the mad from the sane. This is all part of our need to put the word into order, to make sense of the senseless. Trying to link entertains us with a criminal's inspiration is as old as recorded history.

Perhaps most famous is Charles Manson and his connection with The Beatles' song "Helter Skelter." Prior to the discovery of this song, Manson had been obsessed with the group, calling them "part of 'the hole in the infinite.'" Manson said the White Album song predicted an upcoming racial war, of which he was to take part. It goes on from there and was very convoluted and stupid, but does it show any link between media and madness?

Of course not. For one thing, Manson had been talking about this supposed racial war prior to hearing the song, and his delusions of grandeur and love of mop tops only helped along his insanity. In much the same way the monsters in Doom didn't cause Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold to lose their sense of self and brutally kill their fellow classmates and teachers, The Beatles didn't provoke the Manson family murders.

Yet the blame continues, even so much as to confound science. Conflicting studies about videogame violence, and videogames in general, are produced seemingly every month now, leading to these two conflicting headlines: "Video Games to treat ADD? [http://mentalhealth.about.com/cs/familyresources/a/videojap.htm]" Brilliant.

And our top minds are there to help us figure this mess out, like Dr. Phil: "You cannot tell me - common sense tells you that if these kids are playing videogames, where they're on a mass killing spree in a videogame, it's glamorized on the big screen, it's become part of the fiber of our society. You take that and mix it with a psychopath, a sociopath or someone suffering from mental illness and add in a dose of rage, the suggestibility is too high. ... [T]he mass murders of tomorrow are the children of today that are being programmed with this massive violence overdose."

Perhaps it's just me, but it seems that you can mix just about anything with a psychopath or sociopath and the results will rarely be good. (See: Hitler and the Jews, the Hutu and the Tutsis, the Croatian Ustasha and a whole bunch of other people, etc.)

Studies trying to quantify the effects of media and videogames yield significantly different results. One says they don't really loud buzzing noises [http://mentalhealth.about.com/cs/biofeedback/a/videoadd.htm]).

In our culture, violent entertainment is all around us, so it makes a very viable lamb to sacrifice. If we can't blame violent media, Marilyn Manson, parents or the cruelty of youth, what's left? Who can we point our collective finger at?

But our need to blame and find explanations for the inexplicable is rarely fulfilled. The world can be random and cruel, with no way to write it off with simplicities.

And maybe that's the hardest, coldest truth of them all.


Tom Rhodes is a writer and filmmaker currently living in Ohio. He can be reached through Tom [dot] Rhod [at] gmail [dot] com

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Alch

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Dec 4, 2006
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I group this into the same people who keep writing the scripts for the Spiderman movies. People want one simple act that turns someone into a killer. It is not that some people are just not right in the head, its what he saw on tv, drugs, his daughter is sick or the mircochip in his head went haywire.

damn I hated that movie

Nice post Tom
 

Atmosck

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May 14, 2007
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It's a simple case of pride. People take pride in their beliefs, and people refuse to believe some of the more logical explinations for violent crimes (and things of that sort) because they may contradict pre-existing bias. Video Games make a great scapegoat then, because it does contain (sometimes frivolous) violence, and is relatively new and unproven. (Rap music is in the same situation, becuase it's been around for about as long as popular video games and is also violent). Tompson and friends aren't persecuting Movies or Novels or Plays for their inciting violence, because they've been around for so long, and no one listens anymore. Video Games, on the contrary, invoke an image in popular culture of a slightly overwight of slightly underweight boy with attention span problems totally transfixed on his mass murder of nazis and zombies while chowing down on oreos.

People don't want to believe Johnny went on his rampage because girls don't like him or the government and popular culture do things he doesn't like or because his mom wasn't allowed and abortion and thus bore him into an environment that makes crime seem appealing. Abortion is wrong though, so that couldn't be the cause, other people bare the government and culture just fine, and it's his fault he couldn't get a date. We must find another part of his life to blame, like his hobby of playing civilization and rainbow six. In a few decades, after the boomers expire, the problem will die away like it did for movies, and we'll find something new to blame.
 

Blaxton

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Dec 14, 2006
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Atmosck, I think Thompson went after rap, radio (Stern) and now games. He is, as described a "massacre-chaser" (notice now hes famous on an outside-of-the-angry-gamers level). The fact that we need a term for someone like him is sad. Like Al Sharpton, he has lost the point. Focusing on a largely begnin aspect of the situation, there is an amnesia with remembering the real issues.
 

leahzero

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May 20, 2007
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Well-said, Tom. What I think casual observers don't quite glean from the analogies to Hitler et al is that a major factor in violence, psychotic behavior, etc. is disconnection from reality. I'd even say it's a failure of our imagination to not be able to make this inference until it's wagging so obviously right under our noses--e.g., "video games immerse the player in a false reality; a false sense of reality enables, encourages, or otherwise influences the mentally disturbed to commit atrocious acts; thus video games make people kill!"

The problem, as Hitler and other egregious killers suggest, is that video games are far from the only means to immerse oneself in a false sense of reality. In fact, no media at all is necessary; mental illness can and does run its course in the absence of anything that could be vilified as an accelerating factor. Video games just happen to be an easy target--visual, aural, and tactile immersion is a goal of the majority of games. Compare this to a book, which demands more imagination on the part of the reader, or even a movie, which is a passive experience with no tactile dimension, and it is easy for casual observers to claim that video games offer the highest form of escapism from reality. The logical leap from indulging one's escapist urges in an immersive video game, to the pervading and innate disconnection from reality that plagues someone suffering from schizotypal mental illness, is what is absurd.

One thing I found fascinating in the journals of Columbine shooter Eric Harris (http://www.acolumbinesite.com/eric/writing/2006.html) was his plan to force himself to see his victims as mobs from DOOM. Quote from a transcript of Harris's diary, 10/23/98:

"I have a goal to destroy as much as possible so I must not be sidetracked by my feelings of sympathy, mercy, or any of that, so I will force myself to believe that everyone is just another monster from Doom like FH or FS or demons, so It's either me or them. I have to turn off my feelings."

Does this sound like someone who has been incited to violence by the game...or someone who is already mentally disturbed, yet still lucid enough to realize he has to switch off his empathy and sense of reality in order to carry out his plan, and with some degree of cold intelligence decides to utilize the conceits of the game to do it?

What is the difference between Harris deliberately pretending to be shooting demons in order to kill without hesitation, and someone suffering from far more advanced schizotypal mental illness being unable to distinguish between fantasy and reality? Games and other media may offer prefab conceits for the mentally disturbed to utilize, but do they necessarily *encourage* such acts? Would Harris and Klebold still have done it if they hadn't ever played a game or listened to music or anything else that's blithely been blamed? I believe so: although the details of the circumstances may obviously have been different, both of them were clearly mentally ill, and without adequate treatment (they were both being treated for depression and in Harris's case, anger management, but insufficiently) they were inexorably deteriorating. Harris in particular was searching for a way to express his pain/anger/etc. and seized upon what was available to him. If he'd been born a hundred years ago, he would have turned to fiction or painting for escape from his illness, and eventually the conceit under which he could act to end it--or more probably, been locked up in an asylum, where the harsh treatment and isolation would have rapidly accelerated his mental illness, likely ending in a similar way: violence against others, and suicide.

With dire irony, Harris presciently commented several times in his journals that the media would obsess over "why" he and Klebold did it. He scorns the notions that the press would blame it on the music he listened to or games he played, and instead keeps coming back to the cruel way he was treated by his peers, his sense of isolation from them, low self-esteem etc. Shockingly typical, banal concerns. The difference here is that a typically angsty teenager, who played games millions upon millions of other angsty teenagers also played, happened to also be severely mentally disturbed. Games simply don't cause mental illness. There has NEVER been conclusive evidence that any form of media contributes causally to mental illness. (I suppose these arguments break down further into whether games "trigger" latent urges, behavior, etc. In the modern world, what ISN'T a trigger? That discussion, at least, is more rewarding and interesting, but a bit beyond the scope of this rant. :p)

The Columbine killers' own writings are quite revealing. I'm not even surprised that the unveiled journals and other writings/art of Harris and Klebold haven't been analyzed by the press. The picture they paint isn't a pat, tidily sastisfying one of simple, one-dimensional cause and effect, and the light they cast on the media products favored by the killers is too absolving.
 

Pottsy

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Apr 17, 2007
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One of my lecturers said the Don Quixote, a book about a man who read so many chivalry novels that he thought he was a knight, lampooned on the paranoia about novels when they first became popular. However, I haven't found anything since that backs her up on this. If it is true then this belief of media causing dementia is not a new trend by a long shot.

As for Jack Thompson, I think people should just ignore him like a child having a tantrum. He's a bad lawyer that loses every case and the media has to realise that they are simply giving a nutjob airtime.
 

Russ Pitts

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May 1, 2006
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I'm not sure what your professor was talking about exactly, Pottsy, but there was a paranoia about "novels" a century or so ago. The fear was that (and I'm dead serious) women would become so swept up in them that they would shirk their household duties and perhaps even leave their husbands to pursue romantic adventures like the ones described in the pulp fiction of the day. Like all cultural neuroses, this was based on some grain of truth (women were becoming more independent and demanding their fair share of happiness, etc.) but novels were merely a scapegoat.