Mark J Kline said:
Ask Dr. Mark 23: Escapism Through Gaming
Gaming can help the depressed escape.
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Great to see you back, Doc! And man, what a great topic to come back with...
The thing that has surprised me the most lately about hobbies like gaming is how they can create a feedback loop in our behavior. They have an internal system of behavior shaping, but the meta-game has its own separate hotline to our "behaviorist control panel."
As you noted, it's more often that the game is just the subject or context of a behavioral change rather than the cause, but I think the world of gaming can be more prone to this specifically because it is 1) interactive and 2) a world of instant feedback.
As humans, we already have behaviors that are self-replicating. Habits, addictions, disorders, they take many forms. If we're a bit anti-social, we choose activities that suit that... which then
reinforces the anti-social parts of our personality... which causes us to favor those activities even more. Like a virus, the behavior copies itself onto other aspects of our lives.
It's a useful evolutionary device. It has helped to shape many survival behaviors over the years, and it still has uses in our post-survival world (Winning at something makes me enjoy it more, so I work at it harder, and I win more, and ta-da, I'm at the Olympics). But such behavioral "machines" are neither good nor bad, and they're always running, which leaves them open to cause all manner of trouble.
Enter games.
In a game, we're partly "escaping reality." Consciously, that is. Subconsciously, we're still operating upon and making sense of our reality (via the surrogate reality the game provides). Aspects of our personality guide us to certain game experiences -- for instance, they might shape what type of character I play in
Skyrim, whether a nice-guy trader, a mass-murdering thief, or whatever else. And in those experiences, while we're exerting control over that reality, we're also exercising the "muscles" of that particular personality.
And the environment that games provide for this to happen is
perfect. It's immersive and imaginative, putting your conscious mind into complete rest. It's fast-paced, always asking questions and providing feedback. When you succeed there's music and lightning and cheering and hooplah. The feedback loop cycles much faster than in a lot of other media. It's the very model of a behavior-shaping machine. It's like an endless playground for mischievous children, complete with an open bar for the parents -- the conscious mind is "drunk" with distraction and unable to provide supervision, while the subconscious mind is given all kinds of props and tools for mayhem.
The only way to control this subconscious "behavior factory," and avoid the propagation of those "viral" behaviors, we have to be
aware of what we're shaping. Often, that awareness first comes from someone outside -- for instance, concerned family members. We should use their input to help ourselves judge whether we're really using games to
cope with depression... or just using it to
distract our conscious mind (while the subconscious mulls it over unsupervised).