Dr De Martino and colleagues also investigated whether, as well as being 'loss averse', the patients were also 'risk averse'. Risk aversion and loss aversion are two similar, but not identical, processes and as such can be easily confused. People who are 'risk averse' are less likely to take chances even when they do not stand to lose anything.
The volunteers were again asked to make a decision based on the outcome of a coin toss. However, in this situation, the options were either to take a set amount without gambling (for example, $5), or gamble with a chance of winning $10 or receiving nothing but not losses were involved. In this experiment, both patients and controls showed little difference in their decisions, suggesting that the amygdala goes not control this aspect of risk taking.