Machines said:
Pest control is rarely a valid reason. If you don't want animals eating crops then find a way to keep them out, they are trying to survive on instinct and you are supposed to be an intelligent human so I'm sure you can think of something.
Using a bow...is just sadistic and cruel as the animal suffers more than it could possibly need to.
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2 points.
1. Larger animals count as pests. A 400 pound feral pig counts as a pest, and I'd like to know what you think could stop one of those from getting were it wants.
2. I've seen a deer hit by an arrow, it dropped the second it was hit, it was probably dead before it hit the ground.