Lets see, random things that might be useful for your setting.
An industry of aquatic salvagers becomes common. Teams with boats and diving equipment attempt to locate and recover useful items from the submerged cities, and bring them back to sell to the surviving communities.
If the flooding happened slowly (a persistent, ever rising tide), then there would be serious population density problems, as everyone fought to achieve higher ground, creating overcrowding issues. If flooding happened quickly, then a small amount of people would have survived to populate the area.
Weather would likely be significantly more violent, as the amount of coastal land, compared to inland territory is higher. Likely have more frequent storms as well. All of those tropical storms/hurricanes that get cooked up out in the ocean, and hit land, will be more dangerous, as they will likely be strong enough to move inland pretty much anywhere on that map. I live in north Alabama, and hurricanes that come nowhere near our state, if they are big enough, will still send tendrils of nasty thunderstorms our way, and even further north. Seriously, the tendril arms of a hurricane can stretch very far inland in comparison to the actual place the storm hits. And considering how little "inland" land there is now, this will likely become a serious concern no matter where you live in the surviving areas.
Depending on how long after the flood you are placing your story/game, the old cultures would start to become myth/legend in the minds of the survivors. Facts would start to melt and merge with lies and rumors, forming mutated parodies of the stuff we know today. There would also probably be a bit of bigotry on the part of the people who lived in those areas originally, against all of the people who were forced into the area by the floods. There is some precedence for this in the Katrina/New Orleans issue. Many of the people who were relocated after Katrina, met with hostility and friction from the communities they were suddenly placed in. Not all of them sure, but plenty of places talked about how the people from Katrina were just riding the federal dollar, and not bothering to try and rebuild their lives. Something similar would likely happen in your world.
Depending on how cataclysmic the flood was, and how fast, there might be entire communities of ships that were just fine when things went bad. For example, the various naval fleets of the world governments are usually kept at sea, sailing around for the majority of their time. Deep sea ships would suffer no ill effects from the water rising, as they wouldn't even notice it really. This might cause various groups of vessels to become a new military/government force in an area. Basically taking over through sheer military might, and setting up shop as the rulers of that area. In fact, you might want to seriously consider the fact that the navies of most countries would likely be untouched by this cataclysm, and be fully functional, in a world mostly covered by water, they would have significant dominance just about anywhere.
International communication/trade would likely stop entirely (at least for a time), and would survive on a smaller scale. Shipping vessels would of course have dominance this area. Types of foods available would drastically change, as most of the people wouldn't have access to the wide variety of foods from all the shipping trade. Most people would probably try and keep all food locally now for themselves, instead of exporting it.
There will be a Cult of TOOL, who worship the band as prophets of the coming flood, and their daily song of worship is Aenima. (This is mostly in jest, but hey, there are weirder religions out there right now) In case you don't know the song I'm talking about...
Might be NSFW, been a while since I've seen the video so can't remember. The cults chant will be like "Fire it Up!" from the Crow, but instead it shall be "Learn to Swim!"
Let's see, what else. Oh, speaking of cults, there would likely be a resurgence of worship for water based gods, like Poseidon and others. The Loa would probably become very popular, as, if I recall correctly, their underworld for the dead is underwater, so...yeah. I might be wrong on that point, not too knowledgable about the Loa.
Yeah, I think that's enough for now. Need to finish some work stuff. Hope that helps you.