I think Avatar is an interesting case of the two being so tangled you can't really separate them.Hawki said:That said, for me, it was very much pro-environment, with any anti-imperialist message being very tangental.
Avatar is (and James Cameron has openly stated as much) a really blatant thematic repetition of a whole bunch of films like Dances with Wolves, the Mission and the Last Samurai. These stories generally involve a very similar pattern of a white dude who has become disenchanted with so-called civilisation going to live with a group of "primitive" people from another culture, discovering some quality which is missing from his life as a civilized white person and ultimately using his special white people powers to defend his new adopted culture from some existential threat which they would not be able to confront otherwise.
The environmental imagery in Avatar is definitely present, but it ultimately serves the narrative above. Specifically, the film plays on an age old dichotomy about indigenous people being closer to nature, while of course we civilised people have become disconnected from the natural world. There's a grain of truth in that, I guess, in that Western culture (and thus colonizers) have tended to view nature in instrumental terms, as something which exists out there to be exploited and tamed. It makes sense that now that attitude has come back to bite us all in the ass we might feel a bit more sympathy for colonised people.
But the problem is, Avatar is sort of bullshit [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hihKrHP9aMc&t=973s]. Like all these white saviour movies, it's a wish fulfilment fantasy about saving some idealised pure, innocent culture of aesthetically pleasing people (who you can conveniently stick your blue cat hair-dick in). It is a fictional scenario in which opposing imperialism, or being an environmentalist, is very, very easy and obviously right, as opposed to reality where it's often quite difficult and requires questioning a lot of deep rooted internalised biases.
I mean, James Cameron made another film once about a high tech colonial military force fighting a technologically primitive alien species for control of an alien planet (and coincidentally, its alien resources). It was called Aliens, and the aliens were the baddies. The reality is that sometimes nature is not wondrous and beautiful, and sometimes indigenous people are not sexy noble savages you can totally fuck. If Pandora had been a shitty place and the Na'vi had been gross belligerent monsters, would that make it more permissible to destroy their habitat to steal its resources? The conservationist answer has to be no, but I doubt that movie would be the second highest grossing film of all time.