American students vary wildly in college preparedness when it comes to math. In some cases it's because they got shafted by school systems that didn't offer much. In other cases it's because there just wasn't interest.
There were people in my high school who stopped at Algebra II (the bare minimum to graduate in my district, equivalent to three years of high school math) and those who went all the way on to AP calculus or statistics. There's not necessarily anything wrong with this: if you want to be an artist or musician you don't really need to be able to work complicated math problems. Although, it has been my observation that many music majors are mathematically inclined and like to take computer science or math-related minors as fallback options in case they can't land a position after they graduate.
My undergraduate background was a dual major in electronics engineering (with computer engineering and RF/signal processing systems concentrations) and applied physics. So yes, I had a shit ton of math. The emphasis was especially on the calculus up to partial differential equations, linear algebra, vector calculus, logic, a little bit of stats and number theory, and discrete mathematics. I didn't do that much in proofs, geometry, statistics (although in retrospect I really should have done more stats beyond stats 1 since not having much stats closed a few doors in terms of science graduate programs, sadly), or topology.
Math, like many other sciences, is one of those things that you'll spend most of your education hating, and then it suddenly gets really interesting about halfway through college when you break out of the bubble of prerequisites and into things that real mathematicians actually do.