simply having a difference of opinion doesn't make you a white knight, and most of the time you'll be labelled as a troll instead, cause this is the internet and we can't handle different opinions.
now the way i determine if someone is a whiteknight, is if they are coming into multiple threads defending a person/place/thing despite the fact that the person/place/thing is incorrect or irrelevant. it's borderline fanboyism but can be applies to a broader amount of scenarios.
for example
lets say you are on a hardware manufacturer's forum. everyone is complaining cause the new series of keyboards don't work properly, people are demanding refunds, and warning others to avoid purchasing one. what the white knight does is wade into the middle of the shitstorm and come into a few of the threads and say something like people shouldn't be angry because the keyboards were made in taiwan and the river flooded damaging all the keyboards, this is a act of god therefore you shouldn't get mad at the company..... even tho the company sold you broken hardware. this example is a bit extreme, but from my experience white knights often irrationally defend people/places/things with this kind of logic.
whiteknight only seem to appear under certain circumstances, such as, but not limited to:
large companies making mistakes and causing shit storms: you shouldn't get mad because the company messed your stuff up, you should be grateful you had it to begin with
person/place/thing screwing over large amounts of people : there will always be someone there to tell you their actions are justified, and that everyone else are bad people for not liking being screwed over
a female says or does something stupid: holier than thou white knights, normal white knights, and thirsty simpletons, will always appear in this instance, and defend her to the last man no matter how illogical it is or what the female has done. note: only thirsty simpletons or "simps" do this specifically for a shot of having sex with the female.
online chats or webcams: mostly the same as above, but thirsty simpletons make up the majority with very very few of the other two.
from my understanding, whitknightery, or at least this form of it, is different from taking a moral stand, and different from fanboyism. in a sense it could be looked at as a form of trolling, but it's goal isn't really to intentionally piss people off and aside from the simps, they often believe what they is indeed correct, which is in a way disturbing, because arguing with people for calling a woman a slut, when she has a photo of her ass out with a tattoo that says slut in large letters across her butt cheeks defies logic. whiteknights usually don't have any valid reason for coming to the aid of the person/place/thing, which helps differentiate it from a moral stand, which is the result of strong moral belief, and fanboyism, which is a strong brand loyalty.
as to why white knighting is looked down upon, it's irrational,and depending on how you look at it, could bee seen as trolling.