There isn't any fictional world biology.
Right, sure. Not a single iota of time is spent on describing biomes and species.
(I assume you're referring exclusively to LotR, because if not, I challenge you to look at something like Stormlight and say that there's no in-universe biology for it.)
This is not some speculative zoology project. It's fantasy, based on material that is meant to be read through the lens of mythology rather than biology.
I know the allagorical material for the races of Arda, that's beside the point in regards to how they function.
We have no basis to construct a system of fictional biology, particularly if the goal is simply to avoid using the word "race", which is and has been standard terminology in fantasy (and to some extent in soft science fiction) for decades.
No-one has the goal to avoid "race" - this is semantics.
Saying how LotR is "meant" to be read is a tangent from how LotR operates in-universe; you're talking at cross-purposes. And LotR isn't even that relevant to the original concept of half-species since it doesn't come up that much, and when it does, it's either a case of an individual choosing their heritage (Elrond/Elros) or forced cross-breeding (goblin-men, etc.)
Why would you want to show the effects of rape on victims?
Um, is that a trick question?
Fine, as someone who's depicted the aftermath of rape at least once, my rationale for depicting the effects of rape was that:
-The individual had been raped by the Reavers (this was in Firefly), so if I was going to do that as a plot point, I should put in the effort and give the effects of rape their due (I'll leave aside the semantics as to why we don't do the same for murder, which also featured)
-Because the aftermath of the rape was seen through the Operative's eyes, it's part of a running theme/character development in the story, since throughout the story's plot, the Reavers start as background whispers, whereas by that point in the story, the Operative has come across indisputable proof that the Reavers exist, which in turn leads up to the grand revelation in the adaptive sections of
Serenity. In a worldbuilding sense, it reinforces how terrible the Reavers are, how morally bankrupt the Alliance is (whereas by this point, the Operative is having second thoughts), and how he too isn't a shining paragon of virtue (since he refuses to allow the victim to be transferred due to wanting to keep the incident under wraps). So yes, the TL, DR version is that rape occurred to support worldbuilding and character development - that's my reasoning.
See, stuff like this is what makes me think you're just refusing to acknowledge or understand the argument, because (in fiction at least) representation alone can't be the point.
Um, yes? None of that has to do with the Thermian argument.
You can't just show stuff or put stuff in for no reason and have noone question it, you have to be saying something.
Those are two different statements.
To the first,I agree, nothing in a work of fiction should be beyond questioning. To the second, um, no. I don't agree. Sometimes a cigar is just a cigar, and not everything in a piece of fiction has a message behind it.
A Song of Ice and Fire has a lot of very graphic depictions of and references to sexual violence. It is actually pretty horrifying at times, but I would never be so insulting as to suggest that the reason GRR Martin does this is simply to show it, as if the mere act of showing something justifies the decision to do so. One of the most important themes of the books is countering the romanticization of medieval society in fantasy, particularly things like aristocratic power and the sanitized idea of medieval warfare. The book goes out of its way to show how atrocities against groups like women and the lower classes are normalized within the quasi-medieval society of Westeros, because fantasy often chooses to ignore those parts of real history, and this has the political consequence of making medieval life seem more harmonious and less barbaric than it actually was. The point is not representation, it's political and meta-textual, it's meant to make people who understand and read fantasy think about it in a way that is interesting and potentially enjoyable and which makes them feel smart.
Um, yes? I agree. I'm not sure why you're bringing representation into it though, but yes, I agree with the overall thesis.
But, while I understand all this, because I'm not a child and I have the ability to have complex opinions on things I can also believe (and do) that a lot of the sexual violence in A Song of Ice and Fire is gratuitous, fetishistic and that the point is not really profound or interesting enough to justify its inclusion, and I believe it is entirely reasonable to make that criticism. A lot of it is clearly there to be shocking, and a lot of it is very much stuck at the level of exploitation.
Okay, there I disagree, but that's only tangentally related to the Thermian argument, so however one feels about the presence of sexual assault in the books (honestly, I barely remember any), that has very little to do with it. Your contention doesn't seem to be that "sexual assault exists in Westeros, because Westeros is a medieval setting where life is terrible for nearly everyone, especially women, and as such, murder, rape, etc. are fairly common"), it's that there's too much of it and it's depicted a certain way. That's a storytelling/plot issue, not a worldbuilding one.
Because at the end of the day, a writer of fiction isn't there to represent anything, they're there to entertain.
That's...highly debatable.
I don't think a writer is inherently "meant" to do anything. 1984 isn't particuarly entertaining for instance, it's still an excellent book. On the flipside, many works of fiction are just there to entertain with no deeper message behind it.
Including graphic descriptions of sexual violence isn't something people do because they feel obligated to represent the truth, it's meant to entertain, and it is entirely relevant to ask the question of what is entertaining about this, what kind of person finds this entertaining, and is their entertainment worth alienating people who might appreciate the wider point being made but who cannot find graphic sexual violence enjoyable.
That seems like projection.
Yes, sexual violence can and has been written for the same of 'entertainment,' that isn't to say that any and all depictions of it are for that purpose.
The Thermian argument is a negative because it demands that we judge fictional stories purely on their representational quality, as if they are merely representations of real events, which is a fundamentally limiting and demeaning view of fiction and the art of creating it. It doesn't matter whether or not you literally believe fiction is real if you nonetheless expect everyone to treat it as if it is.
I don't even know what you mean by "representational quality" at this point, because a lot of fiction isn't representing anything in the real world. But that aside, I'd counter that a demeaning view of fiction is one that discounts things like worldbuilding and versimilitude, which is what the Thermian argument ultimately rests on. Of course the fiction isn't literally real, but any good story should treat itself as real (i.e. make sense) unless it's explicitly not real (e.g. Alice in Wonderland) and/or explicitly operating on fairytale logic or something akin to that.