Do you believe that they were storming the Capital to appoint Trump as president?
I don't think most of the people storming the Capitol really knew what they were doing. They were useful idiots, pushed by the psychology of crowds - it's why you have examples of some of them getting into the Capitol and just kind of...stalling out as far as what to do. The goal behind the people actually planning things was to cause either a contingent election (used when the electoral college count does not produce a majority, which have 1 vote per state and Trump would likely win and would most easily have been caused by Pence refusing to accept one or more slates of electors) or a violation of the Electoral Count Act, creating a legal crisis they could take to court and delay things 2 weeks or more to create a constitutional crisis.
Again, why do you think the crowd wanted to "Hang Mike Pence" since he refused to do anything other than fulfill his role in the count as normal? Killing the VP certainly prevents him fulfilling his role prescribed by the Electoral Count Act...
People have asked for recounts before.
People have sued over alleged election crimes before.
Trump actually did more of this than basically any other candidate prior and lost every case but one about how close poll watchers were allowed to stand.
People have prepared alternates in case an election got flipped before.
Yes, when there's a court case that might change the outcome, and they want to have the slate ready before the deadline in case they win. If they lose, they are supposed to destroy that slate. You'll notice Pence refusing to get in a Secret Service car on Jan 6 was kind of a key point as to what happened - if he had left the Capitol he couldn't have completed the count, that would have violated the Electoral Count Act. Had he challenged the slates of electors in a way that resulted in no clear winner, that would have triggered a contingent election which Trump would have probably won.
People have had rallies at the Mall before. Rallies and protests have turned to riots before. Not a single part of what happened is terribly unique or worrying, except maybe that Republicans were involved this time.
Those rallies/protest turned riots are not usually targeted at trying to prevent the election process in a way that would either change the winner directly or create a legal challenge that could just be delayed into a constitutional crisis.
Say what you want about Bush and Gore but it was close, and the supreme court did have to get involved.
Close enough that the last set of requested recounts would have, by all estimations, still led to Bush winning. Applying the alternative standard created for that last set of recounts statewide might not have by some estimations, but no one had asked for that at the time of the ruling.
Because early voting and sandwiches are not the same thing, to anyone approaching this conversation in an even remotely honest way.
If they were given out in a certain radius of a polling place with any even potential political discourse attached, or were given out in exchange for voting or showing up to vote then they would be explicitly illegal, for essentially the same reason as Musk's "giveaway" or the CAH humanity one created in response to it. It's a difference of scale, not kind. The only real legal way to buy turnout with sandwiches is to do something like offer a freebie to all comers with no exceptions on election day, and even that is questionable and still probably illegal if you're too close to a polling place.
Which is why Republicans are absolutely desperate to restrict voting wherever and however they can, because they know with how Trump has screwed everyone over, their party will get absolutely annihilated in the midterms if every American citizen is allowed to keep their rights.
I feel like the Dems are fucking up the response to this though - they should absolutely get on the voter ID train, but only if coupled with a fully federally subsidized national photo ID that indicates citizenship status. Including subsidizing the documents required to get such an ID, and mandating minimum office hours to ensure accessibility. Give states the option to fold state-level IDs into it as endorsements (for example "Licensed to drive by PA, expires 8/1/2028" or "WV concealed carry permit") if the state desires to simplify things at the state level. Solve the "problem" that voter ID is meant to solve, in a way that prevents it being used to achieve the goals the GOP wants it to achieve.