Use_Imagination_here said:
lacktheknack said:
"Where'd the first incidence of life come from, and how did it come up with a method of reproduction over one lifespan?", "Where are the millions of missing links?", "How did the universal constants end up so finely tuned?" and "How, exactly, does a species evolve a wing without becoming excessively clumsy, and thus die?"
1. Resent experiments seem to indicate that proteins necessary for the development of life develop naturally under certain conditions from certain chemicals that were pretty much covering the oceans around exactly the time when life started to develop. As for the reproduction, well there we're probably about a billion dead micro organisms before the ones that could reproduce started getting around.
2. They died. They were inferior members of a species and thus didn't get to reproduce, there was no place for them. The fossils are still there.
3. I observe, therefore the universe is. You wouldn't be asking that question if the universe wasn't fine tuned enough for you to ask that question, therefore the question is only asked when the universe is fine tuned.
4. I'll admit I'm not exactly an expert on the subject but I'm fairly sure it was the fact that there were millions of things mutating into millions of things and only the things that mutated something usefull that actually worked are still there because the rest died. So only the rat that evolved perfectly into the bird lived, and the rat that evolved a slight physical mutation that resembled a wing but didn't actually allow flight was abandoned by the herd and eaten by predators.
Keep in mind that I didn't go to high school, but the point is all of these questions are answered or being answered, and that you shouldn't deny evidence because some bits of the larger picture are missing. As long as nothing is contradictory with nothing else it's probably not a scam.
basically, but #2 can also be blamed on the fact that fossilization is rare. It seems like it happens a lot because we have lots of fossils, but that's from the trillions and trillions of creatures that have died over millions and millions of years.
And even if every single thing that ever lived was fossilized, there would still be "missing links" because evolution isn't a 3 step process. It's not like it's a straight line from one thing to another through an intermediary. Life just fills whatever niches are in an environment. If there's food that can be eaten by something, something will be there to eat it. And something to eat that, getting bigger and bigger in either size or social complexity until there are apex predators, which in the end are eaten by bacteria.
You can track their evolutionary past backwards, but you'd only ever get single frames in the moving picture of evolution. To paraphrase AronRa, try to find the one picture that shows me going from a baby into a man - if you can't find it that somehow is evidence that I poofed into existence as a grown man? No. Even if you had a picture from every second of my life, there'd never be a noticable change from one picture to the next. You'd never find the picture where I changed from a baby to a man. That's how evolution works.
number 4 is just a simple matter that the different "stages" of evolving wings had either benign effects, or positive effects, and whatever amount of "flight" the wings could do, that's what they did, and the creature benefited from it. It's not like an animal that didn't have wings one day had a kid that had wings. That's again, not how evolution works. Fins evolved, then they evolved into arms, and then they evolved into wings.
You got #3 basically spot on - We live in our universe, and they're the only set of constants we get. If the constants were any other way, we wouldn't be here to observe them. This speaks to a fundamental difference between the mindsets. Creationists tend to believe in a single universe, scientists tend to be more open to the idea of multiple universes. You may have a billion universes, completely seperate from eachother, each with randomly variable constants. The ones that form into suns and planets, with animals on them have constants like ours. Other universes are completely different. These ideas are a little up there, but they're interesting, and they do help to work out other major problems scientists are curious about, like the ridiculous weakness of gravity compared to the other forces. One thought is that each universe might have their own EM/Weak/Strong force, but gravity is shared between them, so it's ridiculously weak. It's mostly just a thought right now, but at least it shows them trying to work out the problem.
As for number 1 (may as well do all 4), Life was a different thing before the first cellular bodies formed. It was mostly a mishmash of particles and molecules that could replicate themselves (by being next to other particles, pieces of the whole that they were made of, in the right chemical medium, they could replicate themselves in the same way that our own DNA replicated itself for mitosis. Attrition dictated that some of these molecules would have strong bonds and good designs, and those specimens survived to replicate, and the broken ones died, returned to the primordial factory that the successful molecules, the ones that survived to copy themselves used to fuel that duplication. That basically explains how the first life cycle worked. At least that's my interpretation of the information I've gotten, and it logically and fairly soundly describes a universe that could exist, and in all probability did exist.