Ok, despite wombat_of_war being banned, a couple of points. Lower altitude initiations aren't a result of improved technology, how low you initiate the device depends on what you want to do with it. Set the thing off near the ground, and it'll tend to dig a big hole. Useful if you want a big hole (say, there's a bunker underground), but the damage is less widespread. Also, all that stuff you've dug out comes back down as fallout, there'd be less of it if it was set off higher up.wombat_of_war said:the good or batshit bad idea they have with modern nukes is that they minimise the potential for nuclear winter, more radiation, less thermal emissions, more accurate and lower altitude detonations.
however the very high altitude detonations delivering EMP blasts would instantly turn pretty much the entire planet back to the 19th century but with 21st century weaponry and military thats shielded from it.
EMP isn't nearly as powerful as it's made out to be. Shielding against it isn't very complicated, and power surges from other sources are common...protect the machine from, say, lightning hitting the power lines nearby, and that will help against EMPs.
But, yeah, limiting the power of devices risks weakening the nuclear taboo, which is a worry.